A varicocele is a dilatation of the veins of the spermatic cord, which supports the testes in the scrotum. This condition is often compared to varicose veins found in the legs. Varicoceles are common and often benign, but they can cause pain or fertility issues in some men. You can detect a varicocele by self-examination, but a professional evaluation is recommended.
The condition itself is not necessarily harmful, but discomfort or sharp pain when the testicles are lifted can be an issue. Many people first discover they have a varicocele when they experience pain while practicing thermal contraception without prior medical examination.
If the varicocele is severe (grade 3), the thermal method may be painful and impractical. The only way to know is to try it carefully and see if it causes pain.
Another important consideration is its potential impact on fertility. A varicocele can sometimes affect sperm shape and overall fertility. To determine if your fertility is impacted, a sperm analysis (spermogram) is strongly recommended before attempting conception. If fertility is compromised, a medical professional should evaluate whether the benefits of treatment outweigh the risks.
What is a variocele?
A varicocele occurs when the valves in the veins of the spermatic cord do not function properly, causing blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. This can lead to swelling and, in some cases, pain. Varicoceles are most commonly found on the left side of the scrotum due to the structure of blood circulation in this area.
Treatment
Treatment depends on symptoms, impact on fertility, and level of discomfort. The main approaches include:
- Active surveillance: If varicocele does not cause significant symptoms, regular surveillance may be recommended.
- Surgery: Techniques such as varicocelectomy (ligation of dilated veins) or embolization (radiological procedure to block blood flow in abnormal veins) can be used to reduce the size of the varicocele and relieve symptoms.
- Scrotal support: Supportive undergarments may be recommended to reduce pain or discomfort.
Impact on fertility
Varicoceles can negatively affect fertility in several ways. The increased temperature around the testicles can impair sperm production, and poor blood circulation can reduce oxygen supply to testicular cells, further affecting sperm quality. Studies suggest that treating varicoceles may improve sperm quality and, in some cases, fertility rates.
Who is affected
Varicoceles are relatively common, affecting about 15% of men. However, the frequency is higher in specific groups:
- Men with infertility issues: About 40% of men evaluated for primary infertility and up to 80% of men with secondary infertility have varicoceles.
- Adolescents: Around 15% of boys aged 10 to 19 may develop a varicocele as they grow.
These figures show that while varicoceles are often harmless, they are a particular concern for men experiencing fertility problems. Treatment can help relieve symptoms and improve fertility outcomes when necessary. If you suspect a varicocele, consulting a professional is recommended for proper evaluation and management.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this FAQ is based on user testimonials and is for general information purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis or professional treatment. We are not medical doctors. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional for personalized and appropriate medical advice. We accept no responsibility for any consequences arising from the use of the information provided in this FAQ. Send us an e-mail.
